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Internal Hemorrhoids Treatment

Internal hemorrhoids are covered by a mucous membrane, and occur above the pectinate or dentate line inside the anal canal. Symptoms begin to show when the vascular system becomes engorged and the anal lining and connective tissue becomes weakened and loose. The internal hemorrhoid is then graded to decide on the best treatment option.

The grade of the hemorrhoid is determined by the extent of its descent into the anal canal and outside of the anus.

First degree hemorrhoids require using a proctoscope, because they can't be identified visually with an external examination. The hemorrhoids are enlarged, but they don't prolapse (protrude outside the anus) and rarely (if ever) produce symptomatology.

Second degree hemorrhoids also require using a proctoscope to identify. Here the hemorrhoids prolapse when defecation occurs, but they spontaneously return to their point of origin.

Third degree hemorrhoids prolapse with bowel movements and physical exertion. Some need to be  manually placed back to their original position.

Fourth degree hemorrhoids are prolapsed permanently, despite efforts to place them back in their original position. All four grades are at risk for thrombosis (a coagulated blood clot inside a blood vessel), bleeding and pain.

Symptoms include:

-Finding blood on the toilet paper and even on the toilet seat after bowel movements.

-Very large or very hard stools.

-Sometimes an internal hemorrhoid can protrude through the anus and outside the body. These are known as  protruding hemorrhoids, and generally lead to pain and discomfort.

Treatment options:

Rubber Band Ligation - placement of a small rubber band at the internal hemorrhoid's base. This cuts off the blood supply to the hemorrhoid, resulting in the hemorrhoid shrinking up and falling off, usually within 4 to 7 days.

Injection Sclerotherapy - injection of a chemical solution into the mucous membrane around the hemorrhoid, causing inflammation and closure of the veins, and resulting in shrinkage of the hemorrhoid.

Infrared Photocoagulation - directing an infrared to clot the dilated veins of the hemorrhoid, causing the hemorrhoids to shrink, because blood cannot flow through the coagulated blood vessels.

Laser Coagulation - application of an electric current to the hemorrhoids, which triggers a chemical reaction that shuts down the blood supply to the hemorrhoid, causing the inflamed tissue to shrink.

Hemorrhoidectomy - surgical removal of the hemorrhoids using a scalpel, laser or cattery device.

 

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